To replace steam locomotives, the ÖBB had the diesel-hydraulic classes 2043 and 2143 developed. They were mainly intended for use on branch lines, as all main lines were to be electrified. The 2043 was created at Jenbacher with their own twelve-cylinder two-stroke diesel with 1,500 hp. To supply passenger cars, this was supported by an additional eight-cylinder two-stroke diesel, while a small two-cylinder was used for starting.

As long as not all main lines were electrified, the class 2043 was also used in heavy service there. Four locomotives were equipped with a magnetic rail brake for use on steep lines and were designated as class 2043.5. With the introduction of the class 2016 from 2002, they were at first pushed out of passenger service and increasingly used in shunting services. At ÖBB, the last one disappeared from active service in 2020 and some were handed over to new owners for further preservation.