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Freight and Mixed Traffic Electric Locomotives with Single-axle Drive and Carrying Axles[Inhalt]
Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon Railway Be 6/8
later Ae 6/8
Switzerland | 1926
8 produced
flickr/Historical Railway Images

For the increasingly heavier trains on the Lötschberg line, the BLS needed a new locomotive in the mid-1920s that was supposed to be more powerful than the Be 5/7. On the route with a gradient of 2.7 percent, it had primarily to transport freight trains of 510 tonnes and, if necessary, also be used in front of the heaviest express trains. Since the route was single-track and therefore rapid operation had to be guaranteed, the speed to be reached was set at 75 km/h.

Since a rod drive fell out at the required speed, it was not possible to fall back on a type that had already been developed, such as the SBB Ce 6/8 II. The choice fell on the Secheron spring drive with double motors, a form of the quill drive. The locomotive stood on two bogies, each with one leading and three driving axles, which were coupled to each other. For the first time in Swiss history, there was a seat in the cabs so that the driver no longer had to stand.

With a maximum speed of 75 km/h, the locomotive was assigned to train series B, which led to the designation Be 6/8. In the years 1926 to 1931 only four pieces were made at Breda, another four were made between 1939 and 1943 at SLM. The second series was approved for 90 km/h with a different gear ratio and the locomotives of the first series were soon rebuilt in the same way. This was accompanied by a classification in the train speed row A, which led to the designation Ae 6/8, which is better known today.

The train weight of the freight trains over the Lötschberg was increased in the first few years with the Be 6/8 from 510 to 550 and finally 600 tonnes. As planned, they also took over express trains that were too heavy for the Be 5/7. They were the most powerful locomotives in the world until the SBB introduced the Ae 8/14 two-section locomotive in 1931. From 1960, thanks to engine to the chassis, the speed could be increased to 100 km/h. The last machine was only retired in 1995 and today there are still three preserved.

Variantas builtrebuilt
General
Built1926-1931, 1939-1943
Manufacturermechanical part: Breda, SLM, electrical part: SAAS
Axle config1-C+C-1 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length66 ft 5 5/8 in
Wheelbase54 ft 5 9/16 in
Service weight310,851 lbs
Adhesive weight251,327 lbs
Axle load41,888 lbs
Boiler
Variantas builtrebuilt
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - AC
Electric system15.000 V 16⅔ Hz
Hourly power5,740 hp (4,280 kW)
Continuous power5,914 hp (4,410 kW)
Top speed47 mph62 mph
Starting effort55,078 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
freight
last changed: 06/2022
Boston & Maine No. 5000 to 5006
United States | 1910
7 produced
No. 2503, later 5002
No. 2503, later 5002
Pennsylvania Railway Museum Association

In the 4.75 mile long Hoosac Tunnel in Massachusetts, growing traffic volumes at the beginning of the century caused major problems for the operation with steam locomotives due to smoke and steam. So the Boston & Maine planned to use electric locomotives to pull trains with their steam locomotive through the tunnel. With the steam locomotive idling, it created much less smoke and steam. So they electrified the tunnel with 11.000 V AC at 25 Hz in 1910.

Five electric locomotives were ordered from Baldwin and Westinghouse and numbered 2501 to 2505. They were of conventional boxcab design and rode on two bogies consisting of two powered axles and a leading axle. Three got a gear ratio for freight service, while the two others got a faster ratio for passenger service. Just one year later they were renumbered 5000 to 5004. In 1917, two more were built which were the first to be retired in 1942 and 1945. After diesel locomotives took over, all were retired until 1947.

General
Built1910, 1917
Manufacturermechanical part: Baldwin, electrical part: Westinghouse
Axle config1-B+B-1 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length48 ft 0 in
Wheelbase38 ft 6 in
Service weight265,591 lbs
Boiler
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - AC
Electric system11,000 V 25 Hz
Hourly power1,500 hp (1,119 kW)
Continuous power1,350 hp (1,007 kW)
Top speed37 mph
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
freight
passenger
last changed: 07/2024
German Reichsbahn E 95
Germany | 1927
6 produced
E 95 01 on an AEG works photo
E 95 01 on an AEG works photo
Glanert/Borbe/Richter „Reichsbahn-Elloks in Schlesien”

The total of six E 95 were developed to haul coal trains weighing 2,200 tonnes from Silesia to Dresden or Berlin. The development of the nose-suspended motors had made it possible to build a locomotive of this power class with this type of drive. Thanks to the carrying axles, it was possible to run at speeds sufficient for passenger trains. During test runs, the locomotives accelerated coal trains weighing up to 2,568 tonnes to 60 km/h. After the Second World War, they came to the Soviet Union for a while as reparations and were later refurbished again in the GDR. However, increasingly common problems led to their being phased out by 1969.

General
Built1927
ManufacturerAEG, SSW
Axle config1-C+C-1 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length68 ft 6 13/16 in
Wheelbase57 ft 8 15/16 in
Rigid wheelbase15 ft 1 1/8 in
Service weight305,340 lbs
Adhesive weight254,634 lbs
Axle load43,651 lbs
Boiler
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - AC
Electric system15.000 V 16⅔ Hz
Hourly power3,725 hp (2,778 kW)
Continuous power3,243 hp (2,418 kW)
Top speed43 mph
Starting effort79,358 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
freight
last changed: 03/2023
French State Railway 2D2 9100
France | 1950
35 produced
2D2 9108 parked at Villeneuve-St-Georges in June 1985
2D2 9108 parked at Villeneuve-St-Georges in June 1985
Didier Duforest
General
Built1950-1951
Manufacturermechanical part: Fives-Lille, electrical part: CEM
Axle config2-D-2 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length59 ft 3 13/16 in
Rigid wheelbase20 ft 2 1/8 in
Service weight317,465 lbs
Adhesive weight194,007 lbs
Axle load48,502 lbs
Boiler
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - DC
Electric system1,500 V
Hourly power4,944 hp (3,687 kW)
Continuous power4,399 hp (3,280 kW)
Top speed87 mph
Starting effort50,807 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
passenger
freight
Great Northern (US) class Z-1
United States | 1926
10 produced
Two Z-1s houble-headed with a freight train
Two Z-1s houble-headed with a freight train
Railway and locomotive engineering, February 1927
General
Built1926-1928
Manufacturermechanical part: Baldwin, electrical part: Westinghouse
Axle config1-D-1 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length47 ft 2 in
Service weight371,100 lbs
Adhesive weight284,800 lbs
Axle load71,200 lbs
Boiler
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - AC
Electric system11,000 V 25 Hz
Continuous power1,824 hp (1,360 kW)
Top speed45 mph
Starting effort71,040 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
freight
passenger
Great Northern (US) class Y-1
Pennsylvania class FF2
United States | 1927
8 produced
No. 5011 in a photo from 1927
No. 5011 in a photo from 1927
General Electric

In the twenties, the Great northern built the new Cascade Tunnel and electrified the complete 73 mile (117 km) section over Stevens Pass with 11,000 V one-phase AC. Previously, only the old tunnel itself was electrified at 6,600 V three-phase AC and they now needed a replacement for the old GE boxcab electrics. So they ordered six 1-C+C-1 boxcabs from ALCO, which got their electric part from General Electric. They were numbered 5010 to 5017 and became class Y-1.

The alternate current from the overhead line was changed to direct current by a motor-generator. Over one hour, the locomotives delivered 3,300 hp, with a continuous output of 3,000 hp. In World War II, 5011 was badly damaged in an accident and its remains were used for a total rebuild where it got the streamlined cabs from the EMD FT.

No. 5011 after the rebuild
No. 5011 after the rebuild
Stan Kistler

In 1956, the Cascade Tunnel was dieselized and equipped with large fans to carry away the exhaust fumes. Since the frame of 5011 had been bent in the accident, it had several problems in service and was scrapped. All catenary was removed and the remaining locomotives were sold to the PRR, which called them FF1. The PRR scrapped three of them in the following years, but the last four were used until 1966.

Variant5010-50115012-5017
General
Built1927-1930
Manufacturermechanical part: ALCO, electrical part: General Electric
Axle config1-C+C-1 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Rigid wheelbase15 ft 4 in
Service weight518,250 lbs527,200 lbs
Adhesive weight410,000 lbs
Axle load68,333 lbs
Boiler
Variant5010-50115012-5017
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - AC
Electric system11,000 V 25 Hz
Hourly power3,300 hp (2,461 kW)
Continuous power3,000 hp (2,237 kW)
Top speed55 mph
Starting effort102,900 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
freight
passenger
last changed: 09/2024
Japanese National Railways class ED76
Japan | 1965
139 produced
ED76 509 in the Otaru Museum
ED76 509 in the Otaru Museum
Shutsu Ware ichi

The ED76 is an electric locomotive for passenger and freight service with three bogies, only two of which are powered. The base model was the series 0, of which 94 were built. The 22 locomotives of the series 500 had a longer car body because the water and fuel tanks for the train heating had been enlarged. They had gangways at the fronts because they were often used in pairs. One example was adapted for the Seikan Tunnel and formed the series 550. 23 locos for express freight service formed the series 1000. In 2016 only ten locos were still in service, all owned by JR Freight.

Variantseries 0, 1000series 500series 550
General
Built1965-1979
ManufacturerHitachi, Mitsubishi, Toshiba
Axle configB-2-B 
Gauge3 ft 6 in (Cape gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length57 ft 1 1/16 in60 ft 4 7/16 in
Service weight191,802 lbs199,518 lbs177,251 lbs
Adhesive weight148,150 lbs153,442 lbs136,686 lbs
Axle load37,038 lbs38,360 lbs34,172 lbs
Boiler
Variantseries 0, 1000series 500series 550
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - AC
Electric system20,000 V 60 Hz, 20,000 V 50 Hz
Hourly power2,548 hp (1,900 kW)
Top speed62 mph68 mph
Starting effort31,024 lbf27,876 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
passenger
freight
last changed: 06/2023
Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific (Milwaukee Road) classes EF-1, EF-2, EF-3 and EF-5
United States | 1915
42 produced
Side view of a double unit
Side view of a double unit
Locomotive Cyclopedia of American Practice, 1922
VariantEF-1rebuilt EF-2rebuilt EF-3rebuilt EF-5
General
Built1915-1916
ManufacturerGeneral Electric
Axle config2-B+B+B+B-2 2-B+B+2-B+B+B+B-2 2-B+B+B+B+B+B-2 2-B+B+2-B+B+B+B-2+B+B-2 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length112 ft 0 in168 ft 0 in224 ft 0 1/16 in
Wheelbase46 ft 7 in
Rigid wheelbase10 ft
Total wheelbase102 ft 8 in
Service weight564,000 lbs845,000 lbs794,000 lbs1,128,000 lbs
Boiler
VariantEF-1rebuilt EF-2rebuilt EF-3rebuilt EF-5
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - DC
Electric system3,000 V
Continuous power3,339 hp (2,490 kW)5,009 hp (3,735 kW)6,678 hp (4,980 kW)
Top speed35 mph45 mph
Starting effort103,000 lbf154,500 lbf205,700 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
freight
two-section
multi-section locomotive
Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific (Milwaukee Road) classes EF-4 and EP-4 “Little Joe”
United States | 1946
12 produced
No. 802 of the South Shore Railroad in August 1980 at Hammond, Indiana
No. 802 of the South Shore Railroad in August 1980 at Hammond, Indiana
Drew Jacksich
General
Built1946
ManufacturerGeneral Electric
Axle config2-D+D-2 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length88 ft 10 1/8 in
Service weight545,600 lbs
Adhesive weight406,000 lbs
Axle load50,750 lbs
Boiler
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - DC
Electric system3,000 V
Continuous power5,530 hp (4,124 kW)
Top speed68 mph
Starting effort75,700 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
freight
passenger
Dutch Railways series 1000
Netherlands | 1948
10 produced
No. 1001 on an SLM works photo
No. 1001 on an SLM works photo

The 1000 series was an electric locomotive that the NS ordered based on the Swiss Ae 3/6. This has been adapted to operate under 1,500 volts DC in the flat terrain of the Netherlands. The carrying axles were also combined here with the adjacent driving axle to form a Java bogie. The first three locomotives were manufactured by SLM with electrics from Oerlikon and the other seven only had the electrics from Switzerland. Despite their susceptibility to failure, they were used until 1982, but almost exclusively in front of freight trains.

General
Built1948-1949
Manufacturermechanical part: SLM, Werkspoor, electrical part: Oerlikon
Axle config1A-B-A1 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length53 ft 2 9/16 in
Service weight220,462 lbs
Adhesive weight158,733 lbs
Axle load39,683 lbs
Boiler
Power Plant
Power
Power sourceelectric - DC
Electric system1,500 V
Hourly power4,420 hp (3,296 kW)
Continuous power3,749 hp (2,796 kW)
Top speed84 mph
Starting effort39,791 lbf
Calculated Values
electric locomotive
freight
last changed: 03/2023
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