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German Reichsbahn class 95
Prussian T 20
Germany | 1922
45 produced
Die Lokomotive, October 1923

The class 95 was one of the heaviest and most powerful tank locomotives that the Deutsche Reichsbahn procured in its history. Since it was originally ordered by the Prussian State Railways as the T 20, it can often be found under this designation. The first ten examples were initially listed as class 77 until 1926 and only then reclassified as class 95. It was developed to haul heavy freight trains on main lines with a lot of gradients and to convert routes with rack and pinion to adhesion operation.

In order to be able to provide enough traction on the inclines, a very heavy and powerful boiler was placed on a chassis with a 2-10-2T wheel arrangement. This resulted in an adhesive weight that was greater than that of most ten-coupled tender locomotives. Since the steep stretches often had tight curve radii, both carrying axles were combined with the respective outer set of driving wheels to form a Krauss-Helmholtz bogie. The remaining axles could not be shifted sideways, but the wheel flanges of the middle driving wheel set were weakened. Thanks to the additional equipment with a Riggenbach-type counter-pressure brake, it was possible to brake on steep gradients without wearing out or heating up the wheel tyres. For the first time, gradients of up to seven percent could be overcome without a rack with just a few cars.

The locomotive was able to pull trains weighing 430 tonnes at 25 km/h on gradients of 2.5 percent, which was almost as good as the performance of the sixteen-coupled Bavarian Gt 2x4/4. In tests on the level, a little more than 2,000 tonnes could be pulled at 50 km/h, but in reality this was reserved for the heavy tender locomotives

95 0027 in June 1979 in Saalfeld
95 0027 in June 1979 in Saalfeld
Werner & Hansjörg Brutzer

All of the 45 locomotives built survived the war. Only 14 of these made it to the Bundesbahn, which made them a minor class. In the beginning they were partly used as pusher locomotives on ramps, but the last of them was already retired in 1958. The 31 vehicles of the Reichsbahn were used on the low mountain range as powerful draft horses which were indispensable for a long time. 24 of these were converted to oil firing between the late 1960's and early 1970's and designated 9500. The rest became 9510. Their service life ended in 1981 with the Sonneberg-Eisfeld route.

General
Built1922-1924
ManufacturerBorsig, Hanomag
Axle config2-10-2T (Santa Fé) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length49 ft 6 1/2 in
Wheelbase39 ft 0 1/2 in
Rigid wheelbase10 ft 9 15/16 in
Empty weight228,619 lbs
Service weight280,869 lbs
Adhesive weight210,100 lbs
Axle load42,990 lbs
Water capacity3,170 us gal
Fuel capacity8,818 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area47 sq ft
Firebox area183 sq ft
Tube heating area1,967.6 sq ft
Evaporative heating area2,150.6 sq ft
Superheater area672.7 sq ft
Total heating area2,823.4 sq ft
Power Plant
Driver diameter55.1 in
Boiler pressure203 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 27 9/16 x 26 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power1,598 hp (1,192 kW)
Optimal speed16 mph
Top speed40 mph
Starting effort61,811 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
freight
tank locomotive
last changed: 01/2022
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