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Tank Locomotives 0-8-0T “Eight-coupled”[Inhalt]
UIC Classification D
Badenian X b
German Reichsbahn class 922-3
Germany | 1907
98 produced
Factory photo of MBG Karlsruhe No. 380 around 1908
Factory photo of MBG Karlsruhe No. 380 around 1908

The second locomotive with the designation X b was a eight-coupled shunting locomotive, which was built between 1907 and 1921 in several series by the Karlsruhe Engineering Company and Maffei. It must not be confused with the six-coupled tender locomotive, which was procured as X b from 1863 and designated as VII b from 1868. The reason for the procurement was the fact that the previously existing shunting locomotives with only three coupled axles were now overstrained due to the trains weighing up to 1,300 tonnes.

A few years earlier they experimented with the VIII d, which had the wheel arrangement 0-8-0T, but with a complicated Hagans gear. Their chassis was divided into two groups, only the first of which was directly driven. The two rear axles were driven by rocker arms, which required a lot of maintenance and led to the development of the X b.

The new design had a conventional saturated two-cylinder engine and chassis with the second and fourth axles shifting 25 mm to each side. Although the locomotive was only developed for shunting service, it received air brakes and steam heating for passenger cars. The high position of the boiler, with which the firebox could be arranged above the frame, is clearly visible. This resulted in space for the water supplies under the boiler and between the frame panels, which improved the view to the front. Another striking feature are the two steam domes, which were connected by a pipe and with which one hoped greater elasticity under different operating conditions. With the power thus achieved, it was possible to haul trains of 720 tonnes at its maximum speed of 45 km/h.

Sectional drawing
Sectional drawing
Die Lokomotive, Oktover 1910

Of the 98 machines built, the Reichsbahn took over 90 in 1925, which they designated as class 922-3. The remaining eight came to Belgium as reparations immediately after completion. After the Second World War, 82 were still available, two of which went to the Reichsbahn. Since these could not be used economically, they were sold and used as works locomotives. With the 80 machines of the Bundesbahn, the decommissioning began in the mid-fifties, until on April 25, 1966 the last one ended its service.

Variant1907 variant1914 variant1921 variant
General
Built1907-19131914-19201921
ManufacturerMBG Karlsruhe, Maffei
Axle config0-8-0WT (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length34 ft 11 5/16 in35 ft 1 in
Wheelbase14 ft 3 1/4 in
Rigid wheelbase14 ft 3 1/4 in
Empty weight95,901 lbs97,444 lbs97,003 lbs
Service weight128,088 lbs128,309 lbs128,088 lbs
Adhesive weight128,088 lbs128,309 lbs128,088 lbs
Axle load31,967 lbs32,077 lbs31,967 lbs
Water capacity1,849 us gal
Fuel capacity5,512 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area18.8 sq ft
Firebox area83.5 sq ft88.6 sq ft
Tube heating area1,102.5 sq ft
Evaporative heating area1,186.1 sq ft1,191.1 sq ft
Total heating area1,186.1 sq ft1,191.1 sq ft
Variant1907 variant1914 variant1921 variant
Power Plant
Driver diameter49.7 in
Boiler pressure188 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 18 7/8 x 24 13/16 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power493 hp (368 kW)
Optimal speed11 mph
Top speed28 mph
Starting effort28,565 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
switcher
tank locomotive
last changed: 01/2022
Bavarian GtL 4/4
German Reichsbahn classes 988-9 and 9816
Germany | 1911
121 produced
Operational road number 98 668 of the Fladungen Museum Railway Association in May 2010
Operational road number 98 668 of the Fladungen Museum Railway Association in May 2010
Sigismund von Dobschütz

The GtL 4/4 was a local railway locomotive for freight traffic with four coupled axles. Although the first machines were built as early as 1911, the majority of this class was procured during the period of the Deutsche Reichsbahn. In contrast to the previously procured BB II, the chassis no longer consisted of two bogies, but all axles were mounted in one frame. The Gölsdorf system was used to run through tight curves and the second and third axles were designed to be laterally shiftable. This made maintenance easier and also made two of the four cylinders superfluous, which proved to be a great advantage, especially on local railways. The use of superheated steam, which was already mandatory at that time, also contributed to reducing operating costs.

After two pre-series locomotives in 1911, another series was created in 1914, which also comprised only eleven pieces. From 1921, more locomotives of this type were procured for the Bavarian group administration of the Reichsbahn, with the first 40 units being improved in detail and somewhat heavier. Of these, the LAG procured two identical vehicles. Another 64 locomotives followed between 1923 and 1927, which had a further increased weight, which could be attributed to increased supplies. When they were put into service, they were given the new Reichsbahn numbers that had been introduced later on the older locomotives. Overall, the engines that were procured for Bavaria and the Reichsbahn were assigned the numbers 98 801 to 98 917. Deviating from this, the LAG machines were renumbered 98 1601 and 98 1602 when they were taken over in 1938.

In the years between 1934 and 1941, 29 locomotives were converted to a 2-8-0 wheel arrangement by equipping them with a front Bissel axle. The boiler and cab were moved forward to improve weight distribution. These machines were allowed to run at 55 km/h and were designated as class 9811. With the exception of eight that were lost in the war or remained in Poland, all of the non-converted locomotives came to the Bundesbahn. From the mid-1950s, decommissioning began, so that only two pieces were given a computer number in 1968. The engines of the class 9811 all survived the war and only one came to the Reichsbahn, all the others to the Bundesbahn. Their service life ended between 1960 and 1968.

Variant1911 variant1921 variant
General
Built1911, 19141921-1927
ManufacturerKrauss
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length30 ft 10 1/16 in30 ft 4 3/16 in
Service weight94,799 lbs102,956 lbs
Adhesive weight94,799 lbs102,956 lbs
Axle load23,810 lbs26,896 lbs
Water capacity1,427 us gal
Fuel capacity3,968 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area14.6 sq ft
Firebox area63 sq ft
Tube heating area593.5 sq ft
Evaporative heating area656.5 sq ft
Superheater area203.8 sq ft
Total heating area860.3 sq ft
Variant1911 variant1921 variant
Power Plant
Driver diameter39.6 in
Boiler pressure174 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 18 1/8 x 20 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power444 hp (331 kW)
Optimal speed12 mph
Top speed25 mph
Starting effort24,495 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
freight
tank locomotive
local railway
last changed: 01/2022
Bavarian and Palatinate Railways R 4/4
Germany | 1913
51 produced
No. 4180 in the transitional period to the Reichsbahn, here still with Länderbahn markings
No. 4180 in the transitional period to the Reichsbahn, here still with Länderbahn markings
Oberreichsbahnrat Dr. Ing. Rudolf Kallmünzer

The R 4/4 was a tank locomotive for heavy shunting service, which was built in small numbers for the Pfalzbahn from 1913 and was later procured in larger numbers by the Bavarian State Railways. Although they worked with saturated steam, they proved their efficiency and were able to survive into the Bundesbahn era. The boiler with a relatively large diameter was placed very high in order to be able to accommodate a generously dimensioned and wide but not too long firebox above the coupled wheels. The water tank was therefore installed below the boiler, since there was now more space than on the sides.

Production for the Pfalzbahn included nine engines that were completed in 1913 and 1914. There they were mainly used for shunting over longer distances, as they could reach a maximum speed of 45 km/h on the flat with trains of up to 1,000 tonnes.

Between 1918 and 1925, Bavaria procured another 42 engines, which in terms of performance hardly differed from the Palatinate type. However, they had additional water tanks on the sides of the boiler, which increased the water supply to up to nine cubic meters. In addition, the steam dome and the sandbox were now arranged separately from each other and were no longer located under a common cover on the top of the boiler. In 1925, the Reichsbahn took over all but two machines and gave them the numbers 92 2001 to 92 2049. The remaining two had been handed over to Saarland in 1921 and only returned in 1935. After the Second World War, almost all of the examples remained with the Bundesbahn, which used them in the Palatinate and Bavaria. The last one was retired in 1962.

General
Built1913-1914, 1918-1925
ManufacturerKrauss
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length36 ft 2 3/4 in
Wheelbase14 ft 9 3/16 in
Rigid wheelbase14 ft 9 3/16 in
Service weight147,489 lbs
Adhesive weight147,489 lbs
Axle load37,258 lbs
Water capacity1,981 us gal
Fuel capacity4,409 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area21.5 sq ft
Evaporative heating area1,346.6 sq ft
Total heating area1,346.6 sq ft
Power Plant
Driver diameter47.9 in
Boiler pressure174 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 20 7/8 x 25 9/16 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power562 hp (419 kW)
Optimal speed10 mph
Top speed28 mph
Starting effort34,422 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
switcher
tank locomotive
last changed: 01/2022
German Reichsbahn class 81
Germany | 1928
10 produced
81 004 in August 1961
81 004 in August 1961
Herbert Schambach / www.bundesbahnzeit.de

From 1927, the class 80 was the smallest model in the standard locomotive program. It was a tank locomotive with a 0-6-0T wheel arrangement, which was mainly used in shunting operations. However, since this was too weak for some tasks, a four-axle variant was developed as the class 81. Due to the standard design, this was possible without much effort and so Hanomag produced a small series of ten units as early as 1928.

The length increased by the fourth axis and the now possible higher weight were used by lengthening the boiler by one meter. Since the locomotive was to continue to be used mainly as a shunting locomotive and therefore no higher speeds were required, the wheel diameter was left at 1,100 mm to achieve a high tractive effort. To ensure curve running, the wheel flanges on both inner axles were weakened by 10 mm.

Although the standard series had been developed as a replacement for the large variety of Länderbahn types, the many existing larger tank locomotives were considered sufficient for shunting operations and further orders were therefore not forthcoming for the time being. When another lot of 60 units was ordered, the war shifted the demand to heavy freight locomotives and thus only ten examples of the series 81 remained. After the war, all remained with the Bundesbahn and were retired by 1963.

General
Built1928
ManufacturerHanomag
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length36 ft 4 1/4 in
Wheelbase13 ft 9 3/8 in
Rigid wheelbase13 ft 9 3/8 in
Empty weight114,640 lbs
Service weight148,812 lbs
Adhesive weight148,812 lbs
Axle load37,258 lbs
Water capacity2,113 us gal
Fuel capacity6,614 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area19.2 sq ft
Firebox area82.9 sq ft
Tube heating area949.4 sq ft
Evaporative heating area1,032.3 sq ft
Superheater area355.2 sq ft
Total heating area1,387.5 sq ft
Power Plant
Driver diameter43.3 in
Boiler pressure203 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 19 11/16 x 21 5/8 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power849 hp (633 kW)
Optimal speed16 mph
Top speed28 mph
Starting effort33,449 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
switcher
tank locomotive
last changed: 04/2022
Wien-Aspang Railway series IVd and Imperial-Royal State Railways class 178
Austria-Hungary | 1900
211 produced
JŽ 52-011, former kkStB 182.204, issued in Laško, Slovenia
JŽ 52-011, former kkStB 182.204, issued in Laško, Slovenia
Ajznponar
Variantcompoundsimple
General
Built1900-1924
ManufacturerKrauss-Maffei, Wiener Neustadt, Floridsdorf, BMMF
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length30 ft 8 7/16 in
Wheelbase12 ft 1 11/16 in
Rigid wheelbase8 ft 1 1/4 in
Service weight114,640 lbs101,413 lbs
Adhesive weight114,640 lbs101,413 lbs
Axle load28,660 lbs25,353 lbs
Water capacity1,981 us gal1,374 us gal
Fuel capacity4,409 lbs (coal)3,307 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area17.3 sq ft
Firebox area70.5 sq ft
Tube heating area864.3 sq ft
Evaporative heating area934.8 sq ft
Total heating area934.8 sq ft
Variantcompoundsimple
Power Plant
Driver diameter44.9 in
Boiler pressure188 psi
Expansion typecompoundsimple
Cylinderstwo, HP: 16 9/16 x 22 7/16 in
and LP: 25 9/16 x 22 7/16 in
two, 16 9/16 x 22 7/16 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power563 hp (420 kW)
Optimal speed23 mph16 mph
Top speed31 mph
Starting effort15,452 lbf21,903 lbf
with start valve18,542 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
freight
passenger
tank locomotive
secondary line
ELNA 6
German Reichsbahn classes 9229 and 9264
Germany | 1922
95 produced
No. 104 of the Halle-Hettstedt railway on a Krauss factory photo
No. 104 of the Halle-Hettstedt railway on a Krauss factory photo
Krauss
Variantsaturatedsuperheated
General
Built1922-1946
Manufacturerdiverse
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length35 ft 5 3/16 in
Wheelbase14 ft 1 5/16 in
Rigid wheelbase14 ft 1 5/16 in
Empty weight92,594 lbs95,240 lbs
Service weight119,049 lbs121,695 lbs
Adhesive weight119,049 lbs121,695 lbs
Axle load29,762 lbs30,424 lbs
Water capacity1,585 us gal
Fuel capacity4,079 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area19.8 sq ft
Evaporative heating area1,259.4 sq ft948.3 sq ft
Superheater area333.7 sq ft
Total heating area1,259.4 sq ft1,282 sq ft
Variantsaturatedsuperheated
Power Plant
Driver diameter43.3 in
Boiler pressure174 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 18 7/8 x 21 5/8 intwo, 20 1/2 x 21 5/8 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Estimated power738 hp (550 kW)872 hp (650 kW)
Optimal speed18 mph
Top speed25 mph
Starting effort26,411 lbf30,993 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
passenger
freight
tank locomotive
secondary line
French State Railway (État) No. 40-001 to 143
French State Railway 3-040 TA 1 to 143
France | 1914
143 produced
SNCF 040 TA 137 in September 2006 at Longueville
SNCF 040 TA 137 in September 2006 at Longueville
Didier Duforest
General
Built1914, 1920-1922
ManufacturerANF Blanc-Misseron, Schneider, Fives-Lille, Sotteville
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length35 ft 7 9/16 in
Wheelbase14 ft 9 3/16 in
Rigid wheelbase14 ft 9 3/16 in
Service weight138,450 lbs
Adhesive weight138,450 lbs
Axle load34,613 lbs
Water capacity1,849 us gal
Fuel capacity6,614 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area19.4 sq ft
Firebox area88.3 sq ft
Tube heating area1,095.8 sq ft
Evaporative heating area1,184 sq ft
Total heating area1,184 sq ft
Power Plant
Driver diameter51.2 in
Boiler pressure174 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 18 7/8 x 23 5/8 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Estimated power536 hp (400 kW)
Optimal speed14 mph
Top speed31 mph
Starting effort24,379 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
freight
tank locomotive
Army Field Railway Brigadelokomotive
Germany | 1905
2,573 produced
Brigadelokomotive built by Hartmann in Chemnitz on a postcard
Brigadelokomotive built by Hartmann in Chemnitz on a postcard
Brück & Sohn Kunstverlag Meißen
General
Built1905-1919
ManufacturerBMAG, Borsig, Esslingen, Hanomag, Hartmann, Henschel, Hohenzollern, Humboldt, Jung, Krauss, Linke-Hofmann, Maffei, O&K, SACM, Vulcan
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge1 ft 11 5/8 in
Dimensions and Weights
Length19 ft 3 11/16 in
Wheelbase7 ft 5 in
Rigid wheelbase7 ft 5 in
Empty weight21,385 lbs
Service weight26,455 lbs
Adhesive weight26,455 lbs
Axle load6,614 lbs
Water capacity291 us gal
Fuel capacity1,543 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area4.5 sq ft
Firebox area16.1 sq ft
Tube heating area160.4 sq ft
Evaporative heating area176.5 sq ft
Total heating area176.5 sq ft
Power Plant
Driver diameter23.6 in
Boiler pressure218 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 9 7/16 x 9 7/16 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power64 hp (48 kW)
Optimal speed6 mph
Top speed9 mph
Starting effort6,606 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
narrow gauge
tank locomotive
field railway
military railway
Henschel D 600
Germany | 1946
53 produced
Former “Saarberg 34” of the Losheim Museum Railway Club in April 2007
Former “Saarberg 34” of the Losheim Museum Railway Club in April 2007
-Xocolatl
Variantsaturatedsuperheated
General
Built1946-1954
ManufacturerHenschel
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length36 ft 2 in
Service weight142,198 lbs
Adhesive weight142,198 lbs
Axle load35,494 lbs
Water capacity1,585 us gal
Fuel capacity5,512 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Variantsaturatedsuperheated
Power Plant
Driver diameter43.3 in
Boiler pressure203 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 21 1/4 x 21 5/8 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power644 hp (480 kW)
Optimal speed11 mph
Top speed25 mph
Starting effort39,015 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
tank locomotive
switcher
industry
LKM Babelsberg Typ 225 PS Schmalspur
German Reichsbahn class 9933
Germany | 1950
23 produced
99 332 in May 2011 in the Molli Museum in Kühlungsborn
99 332 in May 2011 in the Molli Museum in Kühlungsborn
AlterWolf49
Variantas builtrebuilt 1961
General
Built1950-19521961
ManufacturerLKM BabelsbergRAW Görlitz
Axle config0-8-0T (Eight-coupled) 
Gauge2 ft 11 7/16 in (Narrow gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Length29 ft 0 13/16 in
Wheelbase9 ft 10 1/8 in
Rigid wheelbase9 ft 10 1/8 in
Empty weight54,675 lbs55,116 lbs
Service weight70,548 lbs71,430 lbs
Adhesive weight70,548 lbs71,430 lbs
Axle load17,637 lbs17,857 lbs
Water capacity898 us gal
Fuel capacity4,850 lbs (coal)
Boiler
Grate area17.2 sq ft
Firebox area65 sq ft
Tube heating area521 sq ft396.7 sq ft
Evaporative heating area589.9 sq ft461.7 sq ft
Superheater area193.8 sq ft
Total heating area589.9 sq ft655.4 sq ft
Variantas builtrebuilt 1961
Power Plant
Driver diameter31.5 in
Boiler pressure203 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 14 9/16 x 15 3/4 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Indicated power335 hp (250 kW)453 hp (338 kW)
Optimal speed12 mph16 mph
Top speed22 mph
Starting effort18,316 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
passenger
freight
switcher
industry
narrow gauge
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