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Great Northern (US) class O-8
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United States | 1932
25 produced
Nr. 3388 in October 1952 at Minot, North Dakota
Nr. 3388 in October 1952 at Minot, North Dakota
Robert P. Morris / collection Elmer Kremkow / NRHS

The O-8 was a class of 25 Mikados, most of which had been rebuilt from other locomotives. In their final form they were the heaviest and most powerful locomotives of this wheel arrangement ever with a total weight of more than 750,000 pounds and a boiler output of 4,850 hp. The first three were built in 1932 in the Great Northern's shops when they had realized that their O-7 was not as powerful as they had hoped. The O-7 had been rebuilt from the class M to M-2 2-6-8-0 and had large cylinders, but their fireboxes were too small to develop enough steam at speed.

The three O-8, numbered 3397 to 3399, got a much bigger Belpaire firebox than the O-7 that included a combustion chamber and arch tubes. Additionally, the boiler pressure was raised to 250 psi and the superheater was made much bigger. Since the cylinders of the O-7 with a diameter of 31 inches were still too large, the O-8 got cylinders of 29 inches in diameter. This resulted in a weight of 367,000 pounds, an axle load of 70,000 pounds and a starting tractive effort of 82,900 pounds

Between 1944 and 1946, all 22 O-7 got new boilers from Baldwin and ALCO which had an even larger firebox area than the first three O-8. This was done by substituting the arch tubes against security circulators. The diameter of the cylinders was again reduced by an inch since it was still enough to create more than 77,000 pounds of starting tractive effort. They now weighed 425,540 pounds and had an axle load of 81,250 pounds. Numbers were still 3375 to 3396. Also the thee original O-8 were rebuilt in the same way. All were retired in 1957 and 1958.

Variant1932 variant1944 variant
General
Built19321944-1946
ManufacturerGreat Northern
Wheel arr.2-8-2 (Mikado) 
Gauge4 ft 8 1/2 in (Standard gauge)
Dimensions and Weights
Wheelbase28 ft 3 in
Rigid wheelbase18 ft 3 in
Total wheelbase83 ft 6 1/2 in
Service weight367,000 lbs425,540 lbs
Adhesive weight280,000 lbs325,000 lbs
Total weight693,560 lbs752,540 lbs
Axle load70,000 lbs81,250 lbs
Water capacity17,250 us gal
Fuel capacity5,800 us gal (oil)
Boiler
Grate area98.5 sq ft
Firebox area445 sq ft506 sq ft
Tube heating area4,336 sq ft4,220 sq ft
Evaporative heating area4,781 sq ft4,726 sq ft
Superheater area2,110 sq ft
Total heating area6,891 sq ft6,836 sq ft
Variant1932 variant1944 variant
Power Plant
Driver diameter69 in
Boiler pressure250 psi
Expansion typesimple
Cylinderstwo, 29 x 32 intwo, 28 x 32 in
Power
Power sourcesteam
Estimated power4,600 hp (3,430 kW)4,850 hp (3,617 kW)
Starting effort82,881 lbf77,264 lbf
Calculated Values
steam locomotive
freight
last changed: 12/2025
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